What is the recommended force that an ice bollard should not exceed?

The recommended force that an ice bollard should not exceed is 1-2 kN. This guideline is crucial because ice is a notoriously unreliable and variable medium for anchoring. An ice bollard is created by packing snow or ice into a specific shape to create a secure anchor point. If the force on the bollard exceeds the recommended limit, there is a significant risk of the bollard failing, which could lead to accidents or injuries during a rescue operation.

The force limit of 1-2 kN allows for a reasonable safety margin, ensuring that the ice or snow remains intact while effectively supporting the load during rescue scenarios. This range takes into account the unpredictable nature of ice and minimizes the risks associated with overloading, which could compromise the integrity of the anchor and the safety of the rescuers and individuals being rescued.